一般疑问句的否定形式及回答方法如下:
一、否定形式的结构
基本结构 - 含be动词/情态动词:
$$be动词/情态动词 + 主语 + not + 其他部分$$
例如:
- Are they not in the classroom?
- Can't he answer the question?
- 含实义动词:
$$助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + not$$
例如:
- Did she not help you?
- Will not he come?
缩写形式
- be动词/情态动词与not缩写为 isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't
- 助动词与not缩写为 don't, doesn't, didn't
- 例如:
- Is this not your book?
- Can't we start now?
二、回答方法
肯定回答
- 使用 yes开头,后接主语+be/助动词/情态动词
- 例如:
- Yes, it is.
- Yes, I can.
- 在口语中常用 of course、 surely等替代 yes
- 例如:
- Of course, I'll help.
- Surely, we can finish on time.
否定回答
- 使用 no开头,后接主语+be/助动词/情态动词
- 例如:
- No, it isn't.
- No, I mustn't.
- 在口语中常用 not at all、 surely not等表达
- 例如:
- Not at all, I don't like it.
- Surely not, it's too late.
三、注意事项
be动词/情态动词的变形
- 需根据主语选择正确形式(如 isn't对应第三人称单数)
- 例如:
- The cat is sleeping. → The cat isn't sleeping.
缩写形式的正确使用
- 助动词后必须接 do/does/did的否定形式 not
- 例如:
- Can't she sing? → Can't she sing?
回答与汉语习惯的差异
- 若事实为肯定,回答用 yes(如"Does he play football?" → Yes, he does.)
- 若事实为否定,回答用 no(如"Do you like coffee?" → No, I don't.)
四、特殊场景
反意疑问句: 在一般疑问句后添加"shouldn't/won't/needn't"等反问词 例如: The meeting starts at 9 AM, doesn't it? → No, it doesn't. 含情态动词的疑问句
Must I finish the task? → No, needn't.
通过以上结构与方法,可系统掌握一般疑问句的否定形式及回答技巧。