专四选择题常考语法点涵盖多个方面,以下是综合整理的核心考点:
一、虚拟语气
条件句 - 与现在事实相反:
使用`would + 动词原形`(如:He wishes he were taller)
- 与过去事实相反:使用`would have + 过去分词`(如:He should have called you last night)
- 与将来事实相反:使用`would + 动词原形`(如:She would travel to Japan next year)
特殊结构 - 虚拟语气后接动词过去式:
表示对现在的虚拟(如:It is essential that he study hard)
- 含情态动词的虚拟:`should + 动词原形`(如:The manager should apologize)
二、定语从句
先行词选择 - 先行词为物时,关系代词用`that`或`which`(如:The book which/that I borrowed)
- 先行词为人时,关系代词用`that`(如:The man that called you is my friend)
介词搭配
- 带有介词的动词(如`Resort to`)后接定语从句时,需在`which`前加介词(如:The problem to which we can't answer)
三、状语从句
时间状语从句
- 使用`when`(如:I'll call you when I arrive)
- 其他常见关联词:`before`(如:She finished her homework before dinner)
条件状语从句
- 真实条件: 使用`if`(如:If it rains, we'll cancel the picnic) - 虚拟条件
四、名词性从句
主语从句 - 使用`that`或`if`(如:What he said surprised everyone)
宾语从句
- 使用`that`(如:I believe that she is right)
表语从句
- 使用`that`(如:The problem is that we don't have enough time)
五、主谓一致
主谓一致规则
- 单数主语(如:The book)+ 单数谓语(如:is read)
- 复数主语(如:Everyone)+ 单数谓语(如:is required)
特殊结构
- `it is the first/second/third time`后接`that`从句时,谓语用完成体(如:It is the first time we have seen the movie)
六、其他高频考点
限定词辨析: `another`(如:another two days)与`other`(如:other people) 情态动词
倒装句:部分情态动词(如:need, should)后接倒装(如:Need doing the task)
以上内容综合了专四考试中常见的语法考点,建议结合真题进行针对性练习。